Controllable Text Summarization: Unraveling Challenges, Approaches, and Prospects -- A Survey

Generic text summarization approaches often fail to address the specific intent and needs of individual users. Recently, scholarly attention has turned to the development of summarization methods that are more closely tailored and controlled to align with specific objectives and user needs. While a growing corpus of research is devoted towards a more controllable summarization, there is no comprehensive survey available that thoroughly explores the diverse controllable aspects or attributes employed in this context, delves into the associated challenges, and investigates the existing solutions. In this survey, we formalize the Controllable Text Summarization (CTS) task, categorize controllable aspects according to their shared characteristics and objectives, and present a thorough examination of existing methods and datasets within each category. Moreover, based on our findings, we uncover limitations and research gaps, while also delving into potential solutions and future directions for CTS.Comment: 19 pages, 1 figur

MPTP increases catalepsy scores and decreases swimming scores. All herbal extracts are able to show improvement in MPTP treated groups.

<p>Left: Bar graph shows mean akinesia activity of all groups. Right: CCD of different groups. Labelling scheme is similar to other bar graphs.</p

MPTP reduces both GPX and GSH levels, while all herbal extracts improve them. Herbal extracts also reduce GSH levels in saline only treated animals.

<p>Left: Bar graph shows mean GPX and GSH activity of all groups. Right: CCD of different groups. Labeling scheme is similar to other bar graphs.</p

Microscopic confirmation of MPTP induced damage of Substantia Nigra.

<p>A. Light microscopic images show lower count of dopaminergic neurons in Substantia Nigra as shown by tyrosine hydroxylase staining. Left is brain slice from saline only treated animal and right is from MPTP treated animal. Scale is 100 μm. B. Electron microscopy shows damage induced in the nucleus of remaining SN dopaminergic neurons. Left is from saline treated animal and right is from MPTP treated animal. N label stands for nucleus. Scale is 1 μm.</p

Complete Comparison Display (CCD) evaluation of ethanol extracts of <i>Centella asiatica</i> and <i>Withania somnifera</i> shows that they can non-synergistically ameliorate biochemical and behavioural damages in MPTP induced Parkinson's model of mice

<div><p>Parkinson’s disease remains as one of the most common debilitating neurodegenerative disorders. With the hopes of finding agents that can cure or reduce the pace of progression of the disease, we studied two traditional medicinal plants: <i>Centella asiatica</i> and <i>Withania somnifera</i> that have been explored in some recent studies. In agreement with the previous work on ethanol extracts of these two plants in mice model, we saw an improvement in oxidative stress profile as well as behavioral performance in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) induced Parkinson-like symptoms in Balb/c mice. Given the known potential of both the herbal extracts in improving Parkinson-like symptoms, we expected the combination of the two to show better results than either of the two but surprisingly there was no additivity in either oxidative stress or behavioural recovery. In fact, in some assays, the combination performed worse than either of the two individual constituents. This effect of mixtures highlights the need of testing mixtures in supplements market using enthomedicine. The necessity of comparing multiple groups in this study to get most information from the experiments motivated us to design a ladder-like visualization to show comparison with different groups that we call complete comparison display (CCD). In summary, we show the potential of <i>Centella asiatica</i> and <i>Withania somnifera</i> to ameliorate Parkinson’s disorder.</p></div

MPTP reduces SOD activity, while all herbal extracts improve it.

<p>Left: Bar graph shows mean SOD activity of all groups, where error bars depict standard deviation, horizontal bars data points. Black line show only saline treated groups and blue line shows MPTP treated groups. Dotted line shows groups that are treated with herbal extracts. Right: CCD of different groups. The three values under each branch, from top to bottom are student’s T test, Tukey’s honest significant difference and Dunnett’s two tailed T test scores. Dotted right lines reflect p values similar or lower to 0.05 in Tukey’s honest significant difference test.</p

MPTP reduces catalase activity, while all herbal extracts improve it.

<p>Left: Bar graph shows mean catalase activity of all groups. Right: CCD of different groups. Labelling scheme is similar to other bar graphs.</p

Study design.

<p>Study design showing treatments and assays.</p

MPTP increases lipid peroxidation (LPO) and none of the herbal extracts are able to improve lipid peroxidation levels.

<p>Left: Bar graph shows mean LPO activity of all groups. Right: CCD of different groups. Labelling scheme is similar to other bar graphs.</p